Quantum advantage and computational complexity of many-body systems

Quantum processors and simulators now probe the dynamics of hundreds of quantum constituents in regimes that challenge classical algorithms. These advances open unprecedented opportunities to explore quantum matter while raising a fundamental question: when do quantum simulations of many-body systems offer a meaningful computational advantage over classical methods? In this colloquium, I will describe recent experiments using superconducting analog and digital processors to prepare correlated low-energy states and probe their interacting quasiparticles. I will then discuss theoretical insights into the complexity of simulating many-body dynamics, showing how they inspire new classical algorithms while guiding the future applications of quantum processors.

Speaker: Dmitry Abanin, Princeton University