Untangling the roles of physical and demographic controls on kelp forest dynamicsKelp forests are dominant, structure-forming ecosystems on subtidal rocky reefs along temperate coasts. The giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) is a globally distributed, canopy-forming species that underpins a biodiverse and economically important ecosystem through its high rates of primary production and complex three-dimensional structure. To sustain this productivity, giant kelp requires ...
