Exploring the Nature of Habitable Sub-Neptunes: From Lab to Theory

Sub-Neptunes, planets ranging in size between Earth and Neptune, are the most abundant type of exoplanets discovered to date. However, their nature remains enigmatic, as no such planets exist in our Solar System. Sub-Neptunes are hypothesized to be either bloated terrestrial planets (“super-Earths”), miniature giant planets (“mini-Neptunes”), or perhaps something in between, such as “water worlds.” Of particular interest are temperate sub-Neptunes, which hold significant potential for habitability.

This talk will present recent theoretical advances combining photochemical modeling with modern geochemical tools to investigate the nature of temperate sub-Neptunes. Case studies will include models applied to new JWST atmospheric characterization data for systems such as K2-18 b, TOI-270 d, and LHS 1140 b. Ongoing laboratory efforts aimed at deepening the understanding of these intriguing and puzzling worlds will also be discussed.

Speaker: Xinting Yu, University of Texas San Antonio